Introduction Acetyl-protected thiols Coupling reagents Disulfides Dithiols for nanoparticle assembly Fluorinated thiols and silanes Functionalized thiols Graphene derivatives Ligands for iron oxide surfaces MOFs Photoswitchable thiols Silanes Thiolated Carbohydrates (mimicking glycans) Thiolated crown ethers Thiols and disulfides for fluorescent SAMs and NPs Thiols for bioresistant and biospecific SAMs Thiols for electroactive SAMs Thiophoshonates Ultra-bioresistant Zwitterionic ligands Useful synthetic precursors and building blocks